Thrashing machine



March 1l, 1930. l. zAYMUszq THRASHING' MACHINE Filed Aug. 14, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ZZes Zay/mm2 y mw March 1l, 1930. l'. zAYMUsz THRASHING MACHINE Filed Aug. 14, 192e 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 1l, 1930 UNITED STATES ILLS ZAYM'USZ, OF BUDAPEST, HUNGARY THRASHING MACHINE Application filed August 14, 1926, Serial No.

My invention relates to thrashing machines and more particularly to automatic mechanisms for feeding and opening the sheaves.

If the sheaves are fed by hand, they are,

as a rule, not fed properly. drum is only able to work the grain properly if it is fed into the space between the drum and its casing in layers of uniform thickness. It is the duty of the operator to dis- 1@ tribute the sheaves uniformly but even a skilled operator is not always able to perform this task as it is often beyond human efl'iciency even with normal material but cannot be performed at all with moist or entangled sheaves.

Nor do the automatic feeders as heretofore designed perform their functions properly because they are unable to adapt themselves to the varying abnormal conditions of the material. Therefore they are not an improvement over the feeding by hand, apart from their large size which is a further drawback.

Lack of uniformity in the feeding brings Z5 about unequal operation of the machine, poor thrashing` and cleaning, and may even result in serious trouble.

It is an object of my invention to overcome these drawbacks and to this end I provide an y :5e opening grate at the rear of the feed opening. The grate is inclined toward the incoming` material and the material is forced through its prongs by the pull of the thrashing drum. Excess material is retained and backed up on the front face of the grate. Preferably,

a strickle board is provided which exertsl pressure on the backed-up material so as to distribute it axially between the slats of the thrashing drum which then pull it into the feed opening. Preferably the beating slats of the thrashing drum are combined with opening and tearing slats which engage the material as itis moving axially betweenthe slats of the thrashing drum.

In the drawings aixed to this specification and forming part thereof, two feeding and opening mechanisms are illustrated diagrammatically by way of example.

In the drawings,

The thrashing 129,268, and in Hungary August 19, 1925.

Figs. l to 3 illustrate a devicein which the grate is fixed,

Figs. a to 7 illustrate a modification `in which the grate is carried on rocking levers.

More particularly, Fig. l is a sectional elevation, Fig. 2 is a plan view, partly in section of the first mechanism, Fig. 3 is a detail illustrating opening slats on the thrashing drum on a larger scale, F ig. i is an elevation7 partly in section, of the second device, F ig. 5 is the corresponding plan view, Fig. 6 is a detail illustration showing the grate in a different position from that in Fig. 4l.

Referring now to the drawings and first to Figs. l `to 3, p are horizontal bars forming part of the frame of the machine, and Z) is the thrashing drum which is carried in the frame and rotated in the direction of the arrow by any suitable means, not shown. The feeding hopper is constituted by a front wall t1, a rear wall t2 and curved side walls u, u. t3 is a flap which is hinged to the hear wall t1 of the hopper' at y' and provided with a handle CZ by the operation of which the width of the opening at the base of the hopper may be adjusted, and i0 is a ba'lie plate at the rear wall t2 which deflects grains that have been projected upwardly.

The hopper' is so designed as to enable it to receive the maximum quantity of material. rlhe curved lateral walls u, u move the sheaves toward the thrashing drum l/Vith a hopper of this construction not only the feeding operation is facilitated but perfect protection from accidents is afforded, for 'as compared with railingsawhich are often dispensed with because they are in the way when feeding-the hopper' encloses the feed opening on all sides and is so high that the attendants are unable to put their hands `into the hopper, much less to tumble `into it. On the other hand, any obstruction to the feeding of the sheaves is removed by the considerable wid; ening of the upperend of the hopper and the inclined faces of the hopper which conduct the sheaves directly toward the feed opening.

The opening grate Z is secured to a transverse bar at the rear of the feed opening cf This bar is secured at both ends to two angular brackets r which are adjustably secured on brackets n, also angular, and these brackets are attached to the bars p through the medium of a support 0 on which they may be adjusted about ivots in order to vary the angle of the grate The brackets 1' are adapted to be ad- ]usted on the brackets n by Ineans of a screwed spindle a,V and are held in position on the brackets by set screws s.

The grate Z is provided with prongs a projecting toward the drum Z). g, f are slats on the thrashing drum which pull the material from the hopper through the opening e and past the prongs a of the grate Z into the space between the drum and the casing c. The prongs a retain that material for which sailicient space is not provided in the opening e and this material is backed up in front of the prongs a. That portion of the sheave which is not retained by the prongs a is moved forward by the drum. In order to enable the drum to perform its function with sheaves of abnormal condition, that is moist sheaves, entangled sheaves or sheaves containing weed, the normal slats g of the drum Z) are combined with opening slats f on which pointed pegs f, are formed. The opening slats f are preferably made from spring steel and thel evs 1 are formed in staggered rows b b wc means of a chisel. The object of the slats j' is to open the material which is pulled into the opening e but is retained by the prongs a. This material is broken and opened by the slats f and partly adheres to the drum which separates it from the material which remains backed up at the prongs a. Considerable pressure is exerted in the opening e and therefore the material spreads axially with respect to the drum b. This axially spread material enters between the slats of the drum and while moving along the slats is broken and opened by the pegs f1. The outer edges of the opening slats f extend along a circle the radius of which is smaller than that of the circle along which the outer edges of the normal slats g extend. The pegs f1 are staggered so that the several superimposed pegs form a series of rows at an angle to the axis of the drum b, as shown in Fig. 3, and this causes an increased number of pegs to act on the material in proportion to the distance to which it is forced inwards axially. Consequently, with an increase of pressure in the opening e the breaking and pulling action on the material is increased in proportion.

A curved strickle board h is adapted to slide on the prongs a and is displayed away from the drum b by the material which is backed up at the front of the prongs a. z' is a link connecting the strickle board It with an arm on a shaft m which is supported in the angular brackets r. Only one bracket 7 is visible in Fig. 2 as the corresponding bracket on the other side of the machine .is concealed by the cowl which protects the mechanism. The strickle board 71l tends to return to its initial position shown in Fig. l by gravity so as to follow the material which is backed up in front of the prongs a. The pressure which the strickle board exerts on the material may be regulated by a spring or a weighted lever m2, m1 on the shaft m, as shown in Fig. 2. In this manner the thickness of the layer which is drawn through the prongs a, may be regulated by adjusting the weight m1 on its lever.

The arm Za is operatively connected with an angular lever a: which in turn is connected with the flap t3 of the hopper by a link y. Vhen the pressure in the feed opening e increases the strickle board Zt moves upwards and the lever ai pulls the flap Z3 inwards so that the opening of the hopper is reduced in proportion to the increase of the pressure exerted on the strickle board.

o is a flap which is hinged to the .frame at its upper end and abuts on the strickle board 7L at its lower end. The object of this Hap is similar to that of the strickle board that is it also exerts downward pressure on the material by following the motion of the strickle board.

Referring now to Figs. 4; and 5 the prongs a and the strickle board ZL are constructed as described with reference to Figs. l to 3 but the prongs a are carried by L-shaped arms A at each end which are adapted to rock about pivots B. By these means, the strickle board is enabled to adjust itself automatically so as to vary the resistance to the inilowing material as required. The shorter ends of the L-shaped arms are suspended by springs D which are attached to the arms at E. The other ends of the springs are secured to spindles which are adapted to be adjusted by wing nuts C. The springs D tend to return the arms A to their initial position when they have been displaced. The arms A are guided by angular plates F arranged on the grade Z and adapted to be adjusted by means of a spindle L and nuts on the spindle. Each angular plate F isprovided with a slot M. Bolts N and nuts O serve for securing the plate in its position. The strickle board Zi slides on the prongs a of the grate Z under the action of the `link 'Z and the lever c, and the plate o cooperates with the strickle board as described. The lower end of the lever 7c is pivoted to the end of the shorter part of each L-shaped lever A at G and is provided with an arm J which is anchored to an eye bolt H on the frame of the machine by a link I.

The operation of this modified apparatus is distinguished from that described with reference in Figs. l to 3 in that besides the sliding motion of the strickle board ZL on the prongs a a rocking motion of the entire mechanism occurs about the fixed pivot B as indicated in dot-and-dash lines in Fig. 4t. By rocking the mechanism out of its initial position in which the longer parts of the levers A extend radially to the drum b the effective resistance of the prong's a is increased When the pressure of the material in the feed opening e is increased. When the pressure is reduced the spring D pulls back the entire sys tem into its initial position.

I Wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shoWn and described for obvious modications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

I claim f 1. Thrashing machinecomprising a frame, a thrashing drum rotatably carried in said frame7 means for supplying material to said drum, a grate arranged at an angle to hori- Zontal at the rear of the axis of said drinn and in the Way of the incoming material, and a strickle board adapted to slide on said grate.

2. Thrashing machine comprising a frame, a thrashing drum rotatably carried in said frame, a hopper adapted to supply material to said drum, a `flap hinged to the bottom of the front Wall of said hopper, a grate ar ranged at an angle to horizontal at the rear at the axis of said drum and in the Way of the incoming material7 a striclle board adapted to slide on said grate, and means for operatively connecting said flap With said striclrle board so as to impart rocking motion to said iiap upon the reciprocation of said strickle board.

3. Thrashing machine comprising a frame, a thrashing drum rotatably carried in said frame, a concave in said frame, and a grate arranged at the feed opening between said drum and said concave at an obtuse angle to the tangent to the circumference at the line of intersection ci' the drum and grate.

4l. Thrashing machine comprising a frame, a thrashing drum rotatably carried in said frame, slats on said drum,- pegs on said slats arranged intermediate the ends of said slats and the perimeter of said drum, a concave in said frame, and a grate arranged at the feed opening between said drum and said concave at an obtuse angle to the tangent to the perimeter of said drum.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ILLES ZAYMUSZ. 

